| Official Name: |
Sultanate of Oman |
|
| Population: |
3 million |
|
| Capital: |
Muscat |
|
| Government: |
Monarchy |
|
| Leaders: |
Sultan Qaboos Bin Said Al Said |
|
| Religion: |
Ibadhi Muslim 75%; Sunni Muslim, Shia Muslim, Hindu |
|
| Languages: |
Arabic (official) |
|
| GDP: |
$75.84 billion (CIA 2010 est.) |
|
| GDP/Capita: |
$25,600 (CIA 2010 est.) |
|
| Main exports: |
Petroleum, reexports, fish, metals, textiles |
|
| Time zone: |
GMT + 4 |
|
| International dialing code: |
+968 |
|
| Currency: |
1
Omani Rial (OMR) = USD 2.5975 |
Despite close ties with Britain since the early and mid-19th century, Oman has managed successfully to avoid foreign occupation. It is consequently the oldest independent state in the Arab world. Its location at the banks of the southeast corner of the Arabian Peninsula makes it a strategic partner for larger foreign powers. An ally of the US, Oman has been able to isolate and clamp down on extremist groups in the country and has thus seen stable societal and economic development since the 1970s. Oman maintains a moderate foreign policy that seeks to stimulate good relations with other Middle East states.
Sultan Qaboos Bin Said replaced his father in 1970 and has ever since occupied the throne. He pushed Oman towards modernization, leading rapidly to increasing wealth. Oman has vast oil resources, and the economy continues to be highly dependent on oil revenue. However, Muscat is determined to diversify the economy and has initiated plans to reduce dependency on oil as a percentage of GDP to as little as 9% by 2020. Tourism has become an increasingly important source of income, and Oman with its untouched beaches, desert, forts and palaces provide an attractive travel destination.
In early 2011, Oman became yet another Middle Eastern state subject to popular uprisings. Protestors, though countered by government forces, managed to push Qaboos Bin Said to make minor concessions.
While considered Muslims, the majority of Omanis have a distinct orientation called Ibadism, different from Sunnism and Shiism.